Expressions for the energy of a closed system and open systems. Available and non-available energy of a source and finite body. Concept of entropy, T-s diagram, Tds Equations, entropy change for - pure substance, ideal gases - different processes, principle of increase in entropy. Carnot cycle Reversed Carnot cycle, Performance. Statements of second law and its corollaries. UNIT II SECOND LAW AND AVAILABILITY ANALYSIS
First law of thermodynamics –application to closed and open systems – steady and unsteady flow processes. Zeroth law of thermodynamics – concept of temperature and thermal equilibrium– relationship between temperature scales –new temperature scales. Displacement work and other modes of work. Heat and work transfer, definition and comparison, sign convention. Quasi-static, reversible and irreversible processes. Thermodynamic Equilibrium State, path and process. Intensive and extensive, total and specific quantities. Basic concepts - concept of continuum, comparison of microscopic and macroscopic approach.
